This is a Chinese carved wool rug.

Your rug is similar to the Chinese carved wool rugs that came into the US market in the 1970's and which mostly featured traditional motifs and floral designs in pastel colors. Your rug has what's called a "closed-back", meaning what you see on the back are rows of tied wool knots with no visible warp or weft threads. One measure of quality is the density of the knots. The three most common grades are 70-line, 90-line, and 120-line, which refer to the number of knotted rows per linear foot. A quick way to check your rug is to take a ruler to the back and count the number of rows by inch: 5-6 rows would indicate 70-line; 7-8 rows 90-line; 10 rows 120-line, the more the better. These rugs are definitely long-lasting but unfortunately have fallen out of popularity and prices have dropped way down from the 1970's.